Internal combustion engine with cylinders arranged in v-configuration



Dec. 31, 1968 F FREYN 3,418,994

INTERNAL COMBUSTI ON ENGINE WITH CYLINDERS ARRANGED IN V-GONFIGURATION Filed June 15, 1967 Sheet of 3 FIG./

Ivzvenfw Epy Fritz Freyva 1 l I m/Jw Q5 Dec. 31. 1968 F. FREYN 3, 8,99

INTERNAL COMBUS N ENGINE WITH CYLINDERS ARRANGED V-CONFIGURATION Sheet Filed June 13, 1967 F. FREYN Dec. 31, 1968 3,418,994 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH CYLINDERS ARRANGED IN V-CONFIGURATION Filed June 13'. 1967 Sheet 3 .013

I72 V672 fa Fz-LZZ Freya United States Patent 01 hoe 3,418,994 Patented Dec. 31, 1968 3,418,994 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH CYLIN- DERS ARRANGED IN v-CONFIGURATION Fritz Freyn, Graz, Austria, assignor to Hans List, Graz, Austria Filed June 13, 1967, Ser. No. 645,678 Claims priority, application Austria, June 23, 1966, A 6,014/66 1 Claim. (Cl. 123-195) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An internal combustion engine with cylinders arranged in V-configuration and having a plurality of auxiliary machines located in the V-space between the cylinders, with a first group of such machines forming a structural unit and driven by a belt from the front end of the crankshaft and a second group of auxiliary machines located in the V-space and driven by a gear drive from the rear end of the crankshaft.

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with cylinders arranged in V-configuration and auxiliary machines located in the V-space between the cylinders, part of the said machines being designed for friction drive and part for positive drive. With a known engine of this type the cooling-air blower of the internal combustion engine occupies the front portion of the V-space and the fuel-injection pump designed as a serial pump is concentrically arranged in the rear portion of the V-space. The shaft of the cooling-air blower is located on a higher level than the shaft of the fuel-injection pump and carries a gear wheel on its end facing the injection pump, the said gear wheel being in gear with an idler located at the end of the pump shaft. Another gear wheel provided at the shaft end of the injection pump is in gear with a driven gear wheel arranged on the camshaft in the proximity of one of the inner crankshaft bearings. Although this known arrangement utilizes the V-space particularly the front portion of same, fairly well for the accommodation of auxiliary machines, it requires additional assemblies driven by the internal combustion engine, such as the dynamo, a compressor or the like, to be mounted in the usual manner outside on the cylinder block. Moreover, difficulties are liable to arise in the event of repairs because the gear wheel mounted on the camshaft in particular is not easily accessible.

It is the object of the invention to provide a V-type internal combustion engine particularly suitable for incorporation in automotive vehicles and having a low overall height and a short overall length with all of its auxiliary machines included. According to the invention, the friction-driven auxiliary machines form an assembly jointly driven from the front end of the crankshaft, and extending from the front end of the internal combustion engine over part of the V-space, whereas the positively driven auxiliary devices are located in the driven-side portion of the V-space and driven by the driven-side end of the crankshaft via a transmission gear, one intermediate shaft of which is the camshaft. This arrangement makes it possible for the auxiliary machines to be accommodated in a space-saving manner ensuring easy access thereto, practically entirely within the area of the internal combustion engine defined by the minimum space required for the driving gearing, cylinders and valve gear. The separate grouping of the auxiliary machines providing two individually driven assemblies also offers the possibility of simplifying the design of the driving systems required for the two assemblies.

The invention is particularly suitable for application in connection with an automotive internal combustion engine comprising a brake-air compressor, a pump for the hydraulic system, a water pump, fan and dynamo. In that case, the available V-space is most advantageously utilized by arranging thec ompressor at the front end of the internal combustion engine concentrically in front of the V-space and by providing a means for driving it jointly with the water pump located on the side of the cylinder block by means of the camshaft via a common V-belt drive, and by providing the compressor with a traversing shaft carrying the fan at its front end and a V-belt pulley at its rear end as a means for driving the dynamo located in the V-space behind the brake-air compressor and the adjacent pump of the hydraulic system via a common V-belt drive. This design chiefly results in a short overall length and simplicity of the engine, since neither a separate V-belt drive for the compressor nor a separate support for the fan are required. Another advantage resides in the accessibility of the two V-belt drives permitting speedy retensioning and/ or replacing of V-belts unimpeded by other structural elments. The fan V-belt is stretched by the orientable water pump which is rotatable about its suction and delivery ports arranged in concentrical relation to each other.

Furthermore, the crankcase presenting a generally plane surface with few sections in the area of the V-space offers most convenient mounting possibilities for the auxiliary machines which can be individually attached to the crankcase by means of brackets so as to be readily removable and easily accessible from the top of the internal combustion engine.

According to a :further feature of the invention an internal combustion engine comprising a fuel-injection pump located in the V-space can be provided with a separately arranged double gear wheel inserted in the transmission gearing between the crankshaft and the camshaft, the major Wheel of the said double gearing mating with the crankshaft driven gear of equal size, whereas the minor gear wheel meshes with the double-toothed camshaft timing gear in which the fuel-injection pump driving gear of equal size also engages. This type of gearing makes it possible for the driving shaft of the fuel-injection pump to be located in the V-space at a rather low level, since due to the interpolation of the double gearing the diameter of the camshaft timing gear and consequently, the distance between the camshaft and the pump shaft can be very small. On the other hand, if the camshaft timing gear were in direct mesh with the driven gear wheel of the crankshaft, it would be difficult, in view of the required 1:2 gear ratio, to mount the comparatively small-sized driven gear wheel on the crankshaft because of the large flywheel flange which has to be installed in that place. Moreover, the large camshaft timing gear would neces sitate an excessive distance between the camshaft and the pump shaft.

According to another feature of the invention the fuelinjection pump of the internal combustion machine of the type hereabove described is preferably V-shaped. Such a fuel-injection pump closely follows the form of the V-space and is moreover, of a very short overall length so that the arrangement of the auxiliary machines according to the invention is readily applicable also to internal combustion engines comprising only four cylinders arranged in V-configuration. Likewise, a distributor injection pump can be driven by'the same gear wheel resulting in an equally space-saving design. Fuel-injection pumps of this type are usually designed as flanged-on pumps which can be mounted on the crankcase in a particularly simple manner.

Further details of the invention will appear from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:

FIG. 1 is a side elevation of an internal combustion engine comprising six cylinders arranged in V-configuration with several details shown in transverse section,

FIG. 2 is a front view and FIG. 3 a rear view of the internal combustion engine shown in FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale.

The internal combustion engine shown is an automotive engine equipped with a brake-air compressor and a pump for the operation of hydraulic servo-mechanisms such as a servo-valve gear. Part of these auxiliary machines are accommodated in the V-space between the two cylinder blocks 2 and 3 mounted on the crankcase 1 side by side in V-configuration in such a manner that all friction driven units are so arranged as to form a single assembly extending from the front end of the internal combustion engine over part of the V space 4.

This assembly includes a brake-air compressor 5 preferably comprising two air-cooled cylinders arranged in V-configuration and concentrically flanged to the front end of the crankcase 1 and partly located in the V-space. The brake-air compressor 5 also comprises a traversing shaft 6 the front end of which carries a V-belt pulley 7 and the impeller 8 of the cooling blower of the internal combustion engine preceding the former. Another V-belt "pulley 9 is located at the other end of the shaft 6 of the compressor 5.

The brake-air compressor 5 is driven jointly with the water pump mounted on the side of the crankcase 1 on a rocker arm 14 via V-belts 10, 11 by means of a V-belt pulley 13 secured by a wedge to the front end of the crankshaft 12 of the engine.

Mounted side by side in the V-space 4 behind the brakeair compressor 5 by means of a bracket 18 are the dynamo 16 and the pump 17 of the hydraulic system with their axes extending in parallel relation to the longitudinal axis of the engine. These two auxiliary machines, each of which carries a V-belt pulley 20 and 21 respectively, at the front end of its shaft, are driven by means of the pulley 9 mounted at the end of the shaft 6 via a V-belt 19. For the purpose of stretching the V-belt 19 the dynamo 16 is orientable and can be fixed by means of a tightening screw 23 located in a guiding slot 22.

According to the invention, the positively driven auxiliary machines including in the present instance a fuelinjection pump 24 designed as a flanged-on pump comprising pump elements arranged in V-configuration, are driven jointly with the camshaft 25 by the driven-side end of the crankshaft 12. The spur gear system provided for that purpose and accommodated in the gearbox 26 differs from conventional types of valve gears insofar as an intermediate shaft 27 with a double gear wheel 28, 29 is provided between the crankshaft 12 and the camshaft 25, The major wheel 28 of this double gear wheel meshes with the driven gear wheel 30 of the crankshaft 12 of equal size, whereas the minor wheel 29 meshes with the driving gear wheel 31 of the camshaft 25 having twice as many teeth, the latter Wheel 31 being in mesh with the driving gear wheel 32 of the injection pump 24 having the same number of teeth.

As a result of this design of the gearings, the diameter of the driven gear Wheel 30 is of adequate size in view of the connection flange of the flywheel 33 on the one hand, and it is possible to keep the diameters of the driving gear wheels 31 and 32 of equal size, and consequently, the distance between the camshaft 25 and the shaft of the injection pump 24 very small, on the other hand. In addition, as appears from the example hereabove described, it is possible for the gear wheels 28, 30, 31 and 32 to have the same diameter, which is a considerable advantage productionwise. Thus the injection pump 24 can be sunk very deeply in the V-space as shown in FIG. 1.

Different groupings of the auxiliary machines and other units associated with the internal combustion engine are of course, feasible within the scope of the present invention.

I claim:

1. A water-cooled internal combustion engine with cylinders arranged in and defining a space of V-configuration and having a common camshaft located at an equal distance from the cylinders comprising a plurality of auxiliary machines located in the V-space between the cylinders, a first group of the said auxiliary machines forming a structural unit extending from the front end of the internal combustion engine over part of the V-space and driven by a V-shaped belt drive from the front end of the crankshaft, a second group of auxiliary machines located at the driven end of the V-space and driven by means of a gear drive from the rear end of the crankshaft, the said camshaft defining an intermediate shaft of the said gear drive, the said first group of auxiliary machines comprising a brake-air compressor located at the front end of the internal combustion engine centrally in front of the V-space, a water pump located on the side of the cylinder block, the brake-air compressor and the water pump being driven by a V-belt drive, the brake-air compressor having a traversing shaft, a fan located at the front end of the shaft of the said brake-air compressor, furthermore comprising a dynamo and a pump for the hydraulic system arranged side by side in the V-space behind the said brake-air compressor and driven by means of a common second V-belt drive, the driving V-belt pulley of the second V-belt being located at the rear end of the shaft of the said brake-air compressor, the said second mentioned group of auxiliary machines comprising an injection pump driven by the said gear drive consisting of a driven gear wheel located at the rear end of the crankshaft, a separate double gear wheel the larger wheel of which meshes with the driven gear wheel of equal size located at the rear end of the crankshaft, and the smaller gear wheel of the double gear wheel meshes with the driving gear wheel of the camshaft, the latter driving gear wheel having double the number of teeth of the smaller wheel of the double gear wheel, and a driving gear wheel at the shaft end of the said injection pump meshing with the driving gear wheel of the camshaft and having the same number of teeth as the latter.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,926,643 3/1960 Hutchison 12355 FOREIGN PATENTS 688,069 2/1953 Great Britain. 689,660 4/ 1953 Great Britain. 714,236 8/1954 Great Britain. 1,079,888 4/1960 Germany.

WENDELL E. BURNS, Primary Examiner.

US. Cl. X.R. l2355, 

